E

 

 

E/A DEVICE

Energy Absorbing device, usually a device for absorbing impact energy.

 

EA

1) Energy Absorbing. 2) Engineering Assignment. The initial order from tool planning requesting tool design to proceed with design or assembly fixtures.

 

EAO

European Automotive Operations

 

EARLY WARNING NOTIFICATION

(EWN) A notification to the Automotive Assembly division (or equivalent) that a specific part is to be deleted as the result of a pending release action. This controls the procurement of certain production parts.

 

EARTH-FIXED AXIS SYSTEM

(X,Y,Z)  This system is a right-hand orthogonal axis system fixed on the earth.  The trajectory of the vehicle is described with respect to this earth-fixed axis system. The X and Y-axis are in a horizontal plane and the Z-axis is directed downward

 

EASL

(Engineering Approved Source List) A list of suppliers approved by the Engineering Office and the Procurement & Office Supply. (Chrysler derived)

 

EASY SIGN

A hand signal indicating the train is to move slowly.

 

ECCENTRIC FORCE

An eccentric force is a force which is not directed through the center of gravity of a vehicle.  The term refers to forces generated as a result of collision.

 

ECCENTRIC THRUST

A thrust which is not towards the center of mass of the vehicle or other object in collision.

ECM

Electronic Control Module. ( Detroit )

ECR

Engineering Change Request. Request from any plant or department requesting tool design to proceed with design or assembly fixtures.

 

EDGE LINE

A line which indicates the edge of the roadway.

 

EE

Engineering Estimate

 

EFFECTIVE ROLLING RADIUS

(R e) is the ratio of the linear velocity of the wheel center in the X 1 direction to the spin velocity.

 

EFFECTIVE STATIC DEFLECTION

Effective static deflection of a loaded suspension system equals the static load divided by the spring weight of the system at that load. Total static deflection and effective static deflection are equal when the spring rate is constant.

 

EGG CRATE

A complex grille work made o intersecting planes, usually with more depth than can be obtained by stamping.

 

EGR

Exhaust gas recirculation.

 

EIGHT D

(Eight Discipline, 8D) is a formal, root cause oriented approach to problem solving. (Ford derived)

 

ELASTIC COLLISION

(See Collision, Elastic.)

 

ELASTICITY

The property of a material which causes it to return to its original shape after deformation.

 

ELASTOMER

An elastic rubberlike substance, such as natural or synthetic rubber.

 

ELECTRIC BRAKES

Electric brakes are similar to and function in the same way as mechanics' friction brakes.  However, the actuation is different.  The electromechanical components comprise a friction clutch which generates a terse.  This force is in turn amplified by cams which force the brake shoes against the brake drum.

 

ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE

A locomotive which receives electric power from an overhead contact wire or third rail and uses the power to drive electric motors connected by gears to the driving axles.

 

ELECTRICAL LINE ADAPTER

See adapter.

 

ELECTRICALLY LOCKED SWITCH

A hand operated switch equipped with an electrically controlled device which restricts the movement of the switch.

 

ELECTROLYTE

A chemical solution (usually sulfuric acid and water) that covers the positive and negative plates in the cells of an automotive storage battery, it reacts with the chemicals of the plates to produce voltage and current flow.

 

ELECTRONIC SEQUENCING MODULE

An electronic device employing an integrated circuit and associated timing, protection and control components which provides logical control of the ignition interlock system.

 

ELECTRONIC INTEGRATION

Making electronically controlled components work together.

 

ELEVATION

Two-dimensional drawing of vehicle viewed from front, side, or rear.

 

ELEVATOR

(Slang)  A hydraulic or electrically powered end gate on a truck or trailer.

 

ELPO

(Electrophoretic Priming Operation) body and primer have opposite electric charges and primer "plates out" on body in immersion paint process.

 

EMBARGO

To resist or prohibit the acceptance and handling of freight.  A formal notice that certain freight will not be accepted.

 

EMBLEM

A decorative part used for identification.

 

EMERGENCY

(air line)  See air lines.

 

EMERGENCY APPLICATION

A quick heavy reduction of brake pipe pressure made when a train must be stopped in the minimum distance possible.  An emergency application may also occur when a brake pipe is broken, or when air hoses between cars are disconnected with angle cocks open.

 

EMERGENCY BRAKE RELEASE

Will override the spring brake control in the event air pressure is lost.  You must hold it while pulling out on the spring brake control.  For emergency use only.

 

EMERGENCY BRAKE VALVE

A valve for applying the train brakes in emergencies.  It is connected to the brake pipe by a branch pipe and operated by releasing brake pipe air to the atmosphere.

 

EMERGENCY RATE (freight)

A rate established to meet some immediate and pressing need, and without due regard to the usual rate factors.

 

EMERGENCY RESERVOIR

A part of the AB air brake system to provide quick recharge, graduated release and high emergency cylinder pressure.  It supplements the supply from the auxiliary reservoir.

 

EMERGENCY STOP

See stop and emergency stop.

 

EMI

Electro-Magnetic Interference

 

EMISSION

Refers to gases and other materials vented to the atmosphere by the exhaust system.

 

EMPTY CAR BILL

Way bills used to move ordinary empty cars from one station to another.

 

ENACT

Engineering Application of Computer Technology

 

ENCROACHMENT

The act of intruding or going beyond the proper limits, such as encroachment on another lane of traffic.

 

END DOOR

A door in the end of a car.  In some box cars this door is used for loading and unloading long material which can not be handled through the side door.  Sometimes called a lumber door.

 

END YOKE

Yoke-shaped forging forming part of universal joint connecting driveshaft to transmission or axle.

 

ENDURO

A motorcycle that has the required equipment for on street operation but also has the tires and suspension for off road use.

 

ENERGY

(e): Defined as the ability to do work.  Since this energy is measured in terms of its work, potential or accomplished, it is a scalar quantity and is recorded in the same units (ft*lb).

 

ENERGY PARTITION

How the collision energy is divided between colliding vehicles.

 

ENERGY, CONSERVATION OF

The principle of physics which states that the amount of energy in a closed system is constant regardless of the changes in the form of that energy.

 

ENERGY, KINETIC

Energy due to motion

 

ENERGY, POTENTIAL

Energy due to position.

 

ENGINE

A unit propelled by any form of energy or a combination of such units operated from a single control, used in train or yard service.

 
Engine Brake

Number of cylinders that have the engine brake feature (cylinders) enabled. ( Detroit )

ENGINE GUARDS

Metal tubes attached to the frame to protect the engine casing in the event of an upset.


Engine Hour
Engine hours at time of the data extraction or at the time of an event. ( Detroit )

Engine Speed
The Engine Speed Histogram graph depicts the Histogram percentage of the total Trip Time the engine speed fell within the given band. ( Detroit )

Engine Utilization
Trip Time divided by Trip Calendar Time. ( Detroit )

ENGINE WATER JACKETS

Hollow chambers that surround the cylinders and other parts exposed to high temperatures in the engine.  They circulate coolant around engine parts to cool them.

 

ENGINEERING FEASIBILITY

This is normally when the acceptability of a specific feature has been agreed to by the Executive Engineers of the responsible "Vehicle" and Component Design activities.

 

ENGINEERING PRODUCT ASSUMPTIONS

A compendium of Engineering information which normally includes Body Models and Series; Engine, Transmissions, Axles, Exhaust and Brake availability; Systems and Component Design Descriptions (including interchangeability); Serviceability Objectives; product Acceptance Specifications; Regular Production Options and Program Timing Plans.

 

ENGINEERING PROTOTYPE

A vehicle which carries the chassis, including engine and driveline components, the body and sheet metal, to be released for Job No. 1 of a specific model program; ornamentation required for a design check and durability testing is to be included. Paint and trim materials may or may not be used in accordance with Engineering releases (Normally 13 months prior to Job #1.)

 

ENGINEERING SIGN-OFF

A notification to BAO-Assembly, Preproduction Control, Program Planning, etc., that all pertinent testing (including Function and Fit and Durability) has been completed as follows: (Normally 6 months prior to Job #1.)

 

ENGINEERS BRAKE VALVE (air brake)

A brake valve in the locomotive for operating the brakes of the train.

 

ENGINEMAN

The driver or operator of a locomotive.  Also called engineer.

 

ENROUTE

On the way to a destination.

 

ENROUTE INSPECTION

See inspection.

 

ENTRY (CUSTOMS)

A statement of the kinds, quantities, and values of goods imported together with duties due, if any, and declared before a customs officer or other designated officer

 

ENVIRONMENTAL

Relating to the environment (air, water, land).  Air and water pollution are environmental problems.

 

EO

(Engineering Order) Document used for transmitting information, material instructions and specifications switching the engineering activity.

 

EPA

Federal Environment Protection Agency

 

EPR

Engineering Planning Report

 

EQUALIZING HITCH

An equalizing hitch is a trailer hitch which distributes the tongue load to the front wheels as well as to the rear wheels of the towing vehicle.

 

EQUILIBRIUM

The state of a body when the forces acting on it combine to maintain the body at rest or in motion with constant velocity.  Requirements: A. The vector sum of all forces acting on the body must be zero. B. The sum of all the torque's acting on the body must be zero. Et = 0  E fx = 0, E  fy = 0 and E  fz = 0

 

EQUIVALENT BARRIER SPEED

Most commonly used to describe the equivalent impact speed into a flat rigid barrier to produce the same amount of crush as is showing on a case vehicle.  Somewhat differently it can be defined as the speed needed in a rigid barrier impact to produce the same crush energy as is accessed in a case vehicle.  The concept of equivalent barrier speed is only satisfactory when conditions of a given collision approximate to the pattern of damage which occurs in the standard barrier test.  The more a struck object varies from the rigid barrier, the less satisfactory is the E.B.S..  For example, a car hitting a Styrofoam covered barrier at 30 M.P.H. would exhibit less crush than would occur if there was no energy-absorbing foam on the barrier.  In an extreme case the foam could be four feet thick and absorb most of the vehicles kinetic energy leaving the car looking as if it had hit a rigid barrier at 5 M.P.H., when in fact it was traveling at 30 M.P.H.

 

EQUIVALENT DRAG FACTOR

(fe):  A pure number indicating the deceleration of an object through a given distance with multiple surfaces and/or irregular braking.

 

ER

(Engineering Release) Document used by the engineering activity to transmit information to various Fisher departments and the allied divisions of GM

 

ES

(Engineering Specifications) are documents that contain necessary information to produce or evaluate parts. Such information is typically related to function, performance and durability tests.

 

ESCAPE RAMP

A ramp on a steep downgrade that can be used by a truck driver to stop a runaway truck when brakes have failed.  The ramp often has a soft gravel surface and forms a steep upgrade to stop the truck.  Sometimes called a runaway truck ramp.

 

ESCUTCHEON

An exposed panel or part used to retain, or to hide, the retention of another part; e.g., keyhole, door release, or window crank.

 

ES-M or MS

(Engineering Material Specifications or Material specifications) are documents which describe a product material and define its technical requirements which control function, endurance performance, physical and mechanical properties.

 

ESTABLISHMENT

A continuing process during the "Redbook" costing process and involves a close liaison between Manufacturing and Engineering. Actions normally include but are not limited to the following: 1. Advanced design, packaging and test of components. 2. Preliminary concurrence in Manufacturing Feasibility by the appropriate Manufacturing activities. 3 Determination of preliminary weight, piece cost, tooling, facilities and timing implications. 4. The basis for estimating piece cost-defined in the section titled "Engineering A Model Year Program."

 

ETHER

Substance used as a starting aid for diesel engines in freezing or subfreezing weather.

 

EU

Engineering Use

 

EVADING RESPONSIBILITY

Failure by a driver to comply with any legal requirement regarding stopping, giving aid, and revealing identity following a motor vehicle traffic accident in which he/she is involved.

 

EVASIVE

Tending Or seeking to evade.  Evasive action is action taken to evade or escape from a problem, danger, or hazard.

 

EWN

Early Warning Notice

 

EXCEPTIONS TO CLASSIFICATION

 A publication containing classification ratings (a percentage of first class) and rules different (generally lower) from the classification ratings and rules shown in the Uniform Freight Classification.  See Uniform Freight Classification.

 

EXCESS FREIGHT

Freight in excess of the quantity shown on freight bill.

 

EXCHANGE BILL OF LADING

A bill of lading issued in exchange for another bill of lading.

 

EXCITING FREQUENCY

Exciting frequency is the frequency of vibration of the exciting force.

 

EXCLUSIVE USE OF TRUCK

A request made by a shipper on the bill of lading for the sole use of a vehicle, i.e., no other freight to be carried.

 

EXEMPT CARRIER

Trucks hauling certain commodities are exempt from Interstate Commerce Commission economic regulation.  By far the largest portion of the exempt carriers transport agricultural commodities or seafood.

 

EXHAUST MANIFOLD

That part of the exhaust system that carries the exhaust gases from the cylinders to the exhaust pipe.

 

EXHAUST PIPE

Pipe connected to muffler through which exhaust gases are released.  See tailpipe and stack.

 

EXHAUST PORTS

Connecting passages from the inside to the outside of the cylinder heads.

 

EXHAUST STROKE

Phase of the four-stroke cycle when waste gases are pushed out the exhaust valve.

 

EXHAUST VALVES

Open to discharge the burned gases from the combustion chamber

 

EXPANDABLE

(trifler)  Flat bed trailer which can be expanded beyond its regular length to carry larger shipments.

 

EXPEDITING

To accelerate a process.  Expedited freight service is usually superior to normal service.  Dispatching less than truck load quantities on a single truck for quick delivery is an example of expedited service.  Such service frequently necessitates payment of "exclusive use of vehicle" freight charges.

 

EXPERIMENTAL FEASIBILITY

This is a minimum requirement for "new design concepts" prior to the issuance of approved product assumptions. It is established when the principle of the feature has been demonstrated by means of an operating example. Normally this would require packaging and testing under environmental conditions together with estimates of cost and facilities implications.  Note: Where expediency warrants, it may be necessary to waive the establishment of feasibility, at which time a suitable agreement must be reached based on Engineering and Manufacturing judgements.

 

EXPIRATION NOTICE

A notice in a tariff that all or some part of it will expire at a stated time.

 

EXPORT

To send goods to a foreign country.

 

EXPORT RATE

A rate published on traffic moving from an interior point to a port for trans-shipment to a foreign country.

 

EXTERNAL CONTRACTING BRAKE

A type of brake in which the brake shoes contract against the outside of the brake drum.

 

EXTRA TRAIN

A train not included in a time table schedule.

 

EXTRUSION

A part or component formed by pushing material (clay, plastic, metal) through a die by pressure, e.g., a molding.

 

EYE BALL

To establish or evaluate a surface or line by eye without the aid of tools, templates, etc.

 

EYE LEAD TIME

Term used to describe the distance that a driver is looking ahead on the road.  A 12-second eye lead time means that the driver is looking ahead the distance he will travel in 12 seconds' time.

 

EYEBROW

A cowl or visor above a headlamp, instrument panel or wheel opening.

 

EYELLIPSE

A two-dimensional range of eye positions, representing several driver sizes, to define visual requirements.

References

Detroit Diesel

Caterpillar User's Manual